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Price of the rarity and beauty of the Gold
Gold was considered the most beautiful of all chemical elements. Its beauty is it desirable for use in jewelry, coins and artwork for thousands of years. It was used one of the first pure metals of people. Gold is affecting one of the few elements that politics and economics can. Wars have been fought access to gold. Towns and cities have arisen and died out as gold was discovered and then mined out. Many nations still count their wealth by the amount of gold they keep in storage.
Gold is in the middle of the periodic table. It is a heavy metal, in a class as the transition metals known. Gold is also known as noble metal (such as platinum and silver). Large amounts of gold still in use in the manufacture of coins, medals, jewelry and art. Gold has also a number of applications in industry, medicine and other applications. For example, a radioactive isotope of gold is often used to treat cancer. The chemical symbol for Gold, Au comes from the Latin word for gold, aurum which means "shining dawn."
Gold objects dating from 2600 BC were found. They were discovered in the royal tombs of the ancient civilization of Ur. These objects have shown that people have already learned how to work with gold at this early History. Some of the gold, for example, had been formed in wires. To develop the specific capabilities of the Egyptians, the addition of gold to glass objects. They found a way to use gold to glass has a beautiful ruby red color. The glass was known as a gold ruby glass.
Gold is also mentioned in a number of places in the Bible. A passage in Exodus, for example, refers to the clothing worn by Aaron, "And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to it work in the blue work, and in the purple and scarlet, and in the fine linen, with cunning. "Writings from every phase of human history tell of the Discovery and use of gold. Roman historian Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD) describes, for example, gold mining sites. The Romans were located in river beds in the River Tagus in Spain, the Po River in Italy, the River of Evros in Thrace (now Greece), the Pactolus river in Asia Minor (now Turkey), and the Ganges in India.
One of the most famous quotes in gold, the Olympic gold medal. Athletes from all over the world dream come primarily at the Olympic Games. This means that they step up to the podium and take their gold medal proudly. But the gold medal is not made of solid gold. It is actually made of silver. A thin layer of gold covers the silver. The last Plays a solid gold medal at the Olympics was used was, 1912. Christopher Columbus found gold nuggets lying in the bottom of rivers and ports in Haiti. Gold has been long been known in the New World, too. On a visit to Haiti, was Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) gold nuggets lying on the bottom of rivers and harbors. A Portuguese explorer in 1586, Lopez Vaz, wrote that the region was called Veragua (now Panama), the "richest country of gold [in] the rest of India." In the United States, of course the most famous story was about gold in the late 1840s. Thousands of people flocked to California in search of gold. This era was the gold rush mentioned. The people become very rich or did not see anything during this exciting time in history.
Gold is both ductile and malleable. Ductile means that it can be drawn into thin wires. be malleable means that hammered into thin sheets. A piece of gold weighs only 20 grams (slightly less than one ounce) can in a film that is more than 6 square meters (68 square meters) will cover hammered. The leaf is only 0.00025 centimeter (one ten-thousandth of an inch) thick. Gold foil of this thickness is often used to make the font on signs window. Gold is very soft. It can be scratched usually by a penny. Its melting point is at 1,064.76 ° C (1,948.57 ° F) and its boiling point about 2,700 ° C (4,900 ° F). Its density is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter. Two other important characteristics are its reflectivity and the lack of electrical resistance. Both heat and light gold reflect very well. But an electric current through gold very easily.
Generally, gold is not very reactive. It does not combine with oxygen or dissolve in most acids. It does not work with halogens such as chlorine or bromine to react very easily. These chemical properties also account for some important applications of gold. Gold coins, for example, do not corrode (rust) or gloomy very easily. Similarly, jewelry or art work of gold.
Gold occurs in nature both in its native state and in compounds. The native state of an element is its condition. There is no other element combined. The most common compounds of gold are the tellurides. A telluride is a compound of the element tellurium and one or more other elements. For example, the mineral calavarite usually gold-telluride (AuTe2). At a time when gold nuggets in blocks or large enough to see displayed. People mined gold by picking it from streams and rivers. In fact, gold was once very common in some parts of the world. People appreciated it because it was rare, but because it was so beautiful.
The abundance of Gold in the earth's crust to about 0.005 parts per million. That makes it one of the ten rarest elements in the earth's crust. Gold is believed that much more common in the oceans. Some People believe, as many as 70 million tons of gold are dissolved in seawater. They also think it is another 10 billion tons are on the floor of the oceans. So far no one has found a way, this gold mine. About a quarter of the world's gold comes from South Africa. Other leading producers of the metal are the United States, Australia, Canada, China and Russia. In the United States, about two-thirds of its gold in Nevada has been won. California, Montana, Alaska and South Dakota also produce gold.
The most famous History of gold in the United States could be the gold rush of 1849. Already in the sixteenth century, contained records stories of a large El Dorado ("The gilded one" in Spanish, golden mean "covered in gold") on the west coast of the United States. Tales of this magical city were repeated for centuries.
In the late 1840s, researchers started from the East Coast to travel to California in search of El Dorado. The stream of visitors was initially slowly. Gold was first discovered in 1848 at a place called Sutter's Mill. Sutter's Mill was located near the present town of Coloma, California. Word of the discovery spread quickly. Within a year, thousands of men and women, the long, expensive and arduous journey. Most people traveled in the United States in covered Car or horse. Many of them had to cross mountains, plains and deserts. Because of the difficult conditions many people and animals sick or have died. Some people traveled Cape Horn at the bottom of South America or across the Isthmus of Panama. No matter which route was used, the trip usually takes months.
As people arrived in California, hundreds of mining camps sprang up. Some of them had colorful names. Poker Flat, Hangtown, Red Dog, Hell's Delight, and whiskey bar were just a few! Mining for gold was hard work. Gold Miner is usually wrapped in wild success or terrible failure. The Gold Rush of 1849 completely changed the state of California. It helped also expand the United States. At a time when gold was found in chunks or nuggets large enough to see. There is only one naturally occurring isotope of gold, gold-197. About two dozen radioactive isotopes of gold are also known. A radioactive isotope of gold in medicine, used gold-198. This isotope has two important applications. First It can be used to study the liver. It is in a form such as colloidal gold made public. Colloidal gold consists of very fine particles of gold in a liquid solution mixed. The colloidal gold is injected into the patient's body, where he travels to the liver. There it can because of the radiation it emits can be detected. The radiation can be used say, when the liver is normal or not working.
mined in a 1986 study, estimated experts believe that gold was 121,000 tonnes in the course of history. Colloidal Gold is also used to treat medical problems. In some forms of cancer, the body develops large amounts of fluid in the space around the stomach and intestines (peritonitis). One way to deal with this collection of fluid with colloidal gold. The colloidal gold is injected into the abdominal cavity. It is not capable of the peritoneum to leave and in the stomach and intestines. While in the abdominal cavity, the colloidal gold gives off radiation. The radiation kills cancer cells that lead to the accumulation of fluid.
There are at least two ways to remove gold from its ores. One is a mixed ore with mercury metal. Mercury combines with an amalgam of gold in ore . Form An amalgam is a mixture of two or more metals, one of which is mercury. The gold amalgam is then removed from the ore. The mixture is heated to drive off the mercury. Pure gold remains.
Which weighs more: a pound of feathers or a pound of gold? Teachers sometimes try to fool the students with this old question. The answer seems easy-to-be: a pound is a pound. A pound of feathers and a pound of gold should weigh the same amount. But that's not quite right. In the English system, most of the substances measured with the avoirdupois system. In the avoirdupois system, there are 16 ounces to the pound.
But gold is different weighed. It uses the Troy system. In the Troy system, contains a pound only 12 ounces. Weighs one pound springs (avoirdupois system) 4 ounces more than a pound of gold (Troy) system. The weight of the other precious metals such as silver and platinum, using the Troy system. Gold is weighed in carats. One carat is defined as a fifth of a gram or 200 milligrams.
Gold is rarely used in a pure form. The metal is too soft. It would bend or break if used pure. Instead, it is called in combination with other metal alloys. An alloy is a mixture of two or more Metals. The mixture has properties different from those of the individual metals. The amount of gold in an alloy is expressed in carats. Pure gold metal mixed (with no other metal should) 24-karat gold. An alloy contains 20 parts gold and 4 parts of silver 20-karat gold. The "20-carat" designation means the alloy contains 20 parts of gold and 4 parts of something else (silver, in this case).
Gold stored in a national bank can make 24-karat gold. It is never for a practical purpose used. But gold is used for a real application is almost always less than 24 carats. It also needs other metals to make it stronger and harder. Gold ores can also with potassium cyanide (KCN), or other type of cyanide treatment. The gold combines with the cyanide to form a new connection, gold cyanate. The gold is then cyanate with an active metal, such as zinc treated. The active metal replaces gold in the content, so that pure gold.
In a 1986 study, estimated experts that had over 121,000 tonnes gold The story won. Of this amount, approximately 18,000 tons of industrial, research, health and used other "dissipative". Conductive means that the gold was gone as soon as it was used. It was made in equipment, which were eventually thrown away. The gold could not or was not won by the devices. Of the remaining 103,000 tonnes of gold, over a third (35,000 tonnes) was held in gold bullion from the national banks. The gold bars are pledged as security for national monetary systems used. In the United States as the nation's supply of gold in Fort Knox, Kentucky is located.
Finally, the remaining 68,000 tons of gold by Individuals. The gold is in the form of jewelry, coins, or bullion. Gold bullion bars or other large pieces of gold. Jewelry is the largest single use of gold. In 1996, about 3,290 tons of gold have been around the world. Of this amount, nearly 85 percent was made into jewelry. The second largest use of gold (about 213 tons, or about 7 percent) was in the industrial equipment and consumer goods. Some examples are electrical contacts and switches, laboratory equipment, printed circuits, dental alloys, Instruments to spacecraft and nozzles used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers. Gold is not necessary to maintain good health of plants or animals. It can a plant or animal can be injected without causing adverse effects. Some medical and commercial uses on this property.
About the Author
Dr. Badruddin Khan teaches Chemistry in the University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
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